North America : Central America

Central America

Central America is the thin section of land that links the North American continent with the South American continent. Geographically part of North America, it is made up of seven small, mostly tropical countries that have more in common with South America than the more affluent north. Mexico is occasionally considered part of Central America due to the language and Mayan/Spanish cultural heritage it shares with several of the countries in the region.

Countries

Culture and History

Until the 1990s the area was subject to brutal repression (except Belize and Costa Rica) (Guatemala), civil wars (El Salvador and Nicaragua), and proxy fights between opposite parties supported either by the US or the Soviet Union.

This dark political and social situation changed with the end of the Cold War and after the peace agreements at the beginning of the 1990s. Now the region is living a process of changes and reforms that will hopefully allow travelers to discover an interesting and relatively cheap travel destination. Generally, the people of Central America are kind and warm, and welcoming to foreigners. There is a diversity of culture from one end of Central America to the other, and indigenous culture plays an important role in the region, specially in Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras.

Talk

Due to the extensive Spanish colonial presence in the region, American dialects of Spanish are the primary language, especially of the government and in the cities. (Belize, a former UK colony, is the officially-English-speaking exception.) Native languages are still spoken in many rural areas. However, English is co-official in Nicaragua's Carribean coast, along with indigenous languages. English speaking people can be found on the Carribean coast of Nicaragua, Honduras, Costa Rica, and Panama.

Travel to Central_America, visa requirements

Regular cheap flights are available from the United States to Central Americas airports. Very regular buses run from Chetumal in Mexico to the town of Corozal in Belize, a journey lasting one hour and costing around $4 US. You may have to pay an exit tax, or a fee to validate your Mexican visa for multiple entries when you leave Mexico, and there is also an exit tax when you leave Belize.Juan Santamaría airport in Costa Rica also gets flights, from Europe (Amsterdam, Frankfurt, Madrid; US (Miami, Los Angeles, Dallas, New York City, Houston, Phoenix, Charlotte, Orlando, etc). Sandino International Airport in Nicaragua and Comalapa Airport in El Salvador also have many destinations.

Get around

Central_America attractions and sightseeing

Colonial Towns, such as Antigua (Guatemala), Quetzaltenango, (Guatemala); Juayua, Suchitoto in El Salvador, Gracias and Comayagua (Honduras), León and Granada in Nicaragua (the oldest colonial city in the Western Hemisphere) or Panama City -Casco Viejo- (Panama, where the Panama Canal can be visited as well).
Ancient Mayan ruins in Belize, Honduras, Guatemala, and El Salvador.
Amazing beaches in Guanacaste, Puntarenas, and Limón (Costa Rica); Montelimar, San Juan del Sur, Bahia Majagual, La Flor and Pochomil (Nicaragua); Bocas del Toro (Panama).
Surf, especially in Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and El Salvador.
National Natural Parks, especially in Costa Rica and Nicaragua which has the 2nd largest rainforest in the Western Hemisphere, after Brazil.

All these make this region a great yet undiscovered and affordable treasure which is worth visiting.

Itineraries

There are several great places to stay in Costa Rica! One nice site to find out about hotels and other resources is www.ticolinks.net.

A really nice place to stay is at Angel Valley Farm B&B near San Ramon. It's on the way to the Arenal Volcano. The B&B's website is at www.angelvalleyfarmbandb.com.

City tours

Good restaurants and cheap meals

Guatemala is the country of tamales, there are regular tamales made out of corn "masa" with either meat, chicken, turkey or pork filling and tomato, and sometimes "chile". "Black tamales" are similar to the former ones but are sweet, "paches" are tamales made out of potatos, "tamales de cambray" are small sweet "masa" balls", tamales de "chipilin", and many others; rellenitos (sweet fried bean-stuffed banana bonbons) are a tasty dessert sold on streetcorners. Black beans are the main staple after corn of course. There is a variety of soups ("caldos"). Guatemalan cuisine is a mixture of Mayan and Spanish dishes.

Gallo pinto is a mixture of rice and beans with a little cilantro or onion thrown in, it is the national dish of Nicaragua and Costa Rica This mixture is called Casamiento ("marriage")in El Salvador and Guatemala.

Pupusas and "chicharron con yuca" (porskin & yucca) are very popular dishes originated in El Salvador.

Nacatamales, which are big tamales containing pork, potato, rice, chile, tomato, and masa is steamed in platano leaves, they originate from Nicaragua and can be bought in the colonial city of Granada.

Oven tamales, wraped with platano leaves, are very good in Costa Rica.

Grilled octopus is a very tasty dish in Panama.

Central_America nightlife, bars, clubs and pubs.

Horchata is a drink made out of rice and of Spanish origin. It is drunk in most Latin American countries. a popular drink in most central american countries is "Rosa de Jamaica" (Hibiscus sabdariffa), "Tamarindo" makes also a very popular drink

Piña Colada (pineapple juice, coconut cream, crushed ice and rum) all around the Atlantic islands.

There are two major rum producers in Guatemala, distilling some of the best rums of the region, Ron Zacapa Centenario (aged to 12 and 23 years) and Ron Botran añejo (25 years) Flor de Caña, rated one of the best rums in Latin America, it is made in Chinandega, Nicaragua. Trips can also be made to visit the Flor de Caña factory.

Stay safe

Nicaragua was rated the safest country in Central America by INTERPOL, Panama and Costa Rica are also generally safe. Some areas of Honduras, El Salvador, and Guatemala suffer from the maras (street gangs), they also have the highest crime rates in the region. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights reported last year that Guatemala had the highest murder rate in all of Latin America, with 70.0 homicides per 100,000 population. In comparison, the murder rate in the the U.S.A. is 5.6 homicides per 100,000 population.